Discussion about this post

User's avatar
Brenden's avatar

Excellent post. Stay vigilant my friends.

Wayne R Dempsey's avatar

Thanks for Part II. I will add an additional note though. Most people think that interest rates for things like home loans and commercial real estate are set by the Fed and the short-term overnight lending rate. They are not - they are ultimately influenced by them, but mortgage rates are effectively set by the long term Treasury rates – most notably, the 10-year and 30-year bonds, which correspond to the length / terms of many home and commercial loans. Investors see the mortgage loans and Treasury bonds as similarly safe investments and then pricing them similarly as well. When I’m shopping for a commercial loan, my bank quotes me based off of the 10-year note.

Having said that, it’s important to point out that these Treasury rates are not necessarily set by us (the United States) but more by our lenders (the people buying Treasury bonds). There’s a lot of foreign holders of our debt – the primary reason for this is that when China ships us product, we pay for it (Joe Consumer) in dollars. In a practical sense, the dollars have to be stored / invested / used somewhere by the Chinese manufacturers (government?) who received them from Joe Consumer here in the US. For the most part, these are “parked” in US Treasuries. Sometimes they are used to buy US assets - like the Japanese who famously (infamously) bought Rockefeller Center in NYC in the late 1980s. The more we buy, the more dollars we give to the Chinese (and Japanese, Koreans, etc.) and the more those dollars get funneled back into US debt. This keeps the rates down – the more dollars out there to buy Treasury bonds, the less interest we have to promise to pay back (it’s an auction market).

Graham – as you mention in this article – a collapse of confidence in the US dollar will lead to a weaker dollar, but it may also cause a selloff (presumably) in Treasury bonds, which will then raise rates (the US will have to offer to pay more in interest to better attract people to buy our debt). This will cause long-term rates (again, linked to the Treasury market) to rise. Historically, over the past 40 years or so, the average mortgage rate has been 7% or more. I fear that our overspending and potentially weaker dollar will move us more in that direction (which, would be a reversion to the mean, at least as mortgage rates are concerned).

I believe that current low rates now and in the recent past have been "propped up" by our trade deficit / borrowing from other nations. Our nearly one trillion dollar *annual* trade deficit (I.e. we import one trillion more products than we export) - those dollars that we pay for that trillion dollars worth of Asian-made stuff has to be put somewhere - the dollars get funneled, for the most part, back into Treasury bonds. Ironically, the current tariff push may reduce our deficit, which then may reduce Treasury bond purchase, which may then have the unintended consequences of raising rates. Dunno - hard to tell...

Not too many people talk about this – but I think it’s the real concern. If our Treasury market declines significantly, it will push long-term rates into the 8-9-10% range and there will be very little that anyone in the Fed can do about it?

-Wayne

5 more comments...

No posts

Ready for more?